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🧬 Biology 16 Chapters • 80 High-Yield Topics

Cell Structure & Function

Biological Molecules

Enzymes

Bioenergetics

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Prokaryotes (Bacteria)

Diversity Among Animals

Human Digestive System

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Fundamental Concepts & Stoichiometry

Atomic Structure & Quantum Numbers

Chemical Bonding & Hybridization

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Thermochemistry & Energetics

Chemical Equilibrium & Le Chatelier

Reaction Kinetics & Catalysis

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Alkyl Halides & Substitution

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Alternating Current (AC)

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📖 English 8 Chapters • 32 High-Yield Topics

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Pronoun Agreement & Case

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Biology Cell Structure and Function Cell Organelles & Transport

MEDIUM

Q1. Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and assembling preribosomal subunits?

A Nucleolus

B Peroxisome

C Lysosome

D Centrosome

Biology Cell Structure and Function Cell Organelles & Transport

HARD

Q2. The fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane proposed by Singer and Nicolson states that:

A Proteins form continuous static layers sandwiching lipids

B Lipids form a rigid solid framework coated by proteins

C Carbohydrates form the central hydrophobic layer

D Proteins are embedded and float freely in a fluid phospholipid bilayer

Biology Cell Structure and Function Cell Organelles & Transport

EASY

Q3. Which cellular structure is composed of 9 triplets of microtubules arranged in a cylinder?

A Centriole

B Flagellar base

C Microfilament

D Cilium axoneme

Biology Cell Structure and Function Cell Organelles & Transport

EASY FREE

Q4. Which organelle contains acid hydrolases active at acidic pH for intracellular digestion and autophagy?

A Lysosome

B Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

C Mitochondrion

D Ribosome

Biology Cell Structure and Function Cell Organelles & Transport

KILLER

Q5. Which organelle is primarily involved in lipid synthesis, phospholipid turnover, and drug detoxification in hepatocytes?

A Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)

B Golgi apparatus

C Chloroplast

D Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)

Biology Cell Structure and Function Cell Organelles & Transport

MEDIUM

Q6. In plant cells, which structure provides direct cytoplasmic continuity between adjacent cells for symplastic transport?

A Plasmodesmata

B Tight junctions

C Gap junctions

D Desmosomes

Biology Cell Structure and Function Cell Organelles & Transport

MEDIUM

Q7. Tay-Sachs disease is a fatal autosomal recessive storage disorder caused by the deficiency of which lysosomal enzyme?

A Acid phosphatase

B Catalase

C Beta-hexosaminidase A

D Superoxide dismutase

Biology Cell Structure and Function Cell Organelles & Transport

HARD

Q8. The folding of the inner mitochondrial membrane into cristae is an adaptation that specifically serves to:

A Facilitate glycolysis in the matrix

B Increase surface area for electron transport chain complexes and ATP synthase

C Provide structural support for ribosome docking

D Store excess calcium and glycogen granules

Biology Cell Structure and Function Cell Organelles & Transport

HARD

Q9. Which organelle contains catalase to decompose cytotoxic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into water and oxygen?

A Centrosome

B Nucleolus

C Peroxisome

D Endosome

Biology Cell Structure and Function Cell Organelles & Transport

EASY

Q10. The active extrusion of 3 Na+ ions in exchange for 2 K+ ions into a neuron against their electrochemical gradients is performed by:

A Glucose transporter GLUT-1

B Aquaporin water channels

C Voltage-gated potassium leak channels

D Na+/K+ ATPase (Primary active transport)

Biology Cell Structure and Function Cell Organelles & Transport

EASY

Q11. Which motor protein is responsible for retrograde transport along cytoplasmic microtubules toward the minus end (cell body)?

A Dynein

B Myosin

C Actin

D Kinesin

Biology Cell Structure and Function Cell Organelles & Transport

MEDIUM

Q12. In eukaryotic cell division, the mitotic spindle fibers attach directly to which specialized protein structure on the chromosome centromere?

A Histone octamer

B Chromatosome

C Kinetochore

D Telomere

Biology Cell Structure and Function Cell Organelles & Transport

MEDIUM FREE

Q13. Which organelle is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging secretory proteins into clathrin-coated vesicles?

A Smooth ER

B Peroxisome

C Golgi apparatus (Dictyosome)

D Nucleolus

Biology Cell Structure and Function Cell Organelles & Transport

MEDIUM

Q14. The plant cell wall component that is a polymer of beta-D-glucose joined by beta-1,4-glycosidic linkages is:

A Cellulose

B Inulin

C Glycogen

D Starch

Biology Cell Structure and Function Cell Organelles & Transport

MEDIUM

Q15. Which microbody present in germinating oil-rich fatty seeds converts stored fatty acids into succinate and carbohydrates via the glyoxylate cycle?

A Peroxisome

B Lysosome

C Vacuole

D Glyoxysome

Biology Biological Molecules Biochemistry of Macromolecules

KILLER FREE

Q16. Which type of covalent linkage joins monosaccharide units to form disaccharides and polysaccharides?

A Peptide bond

B Phosphodiester bond

C Glycosidic bond

D Ester linkage

Biology Biological Molecules Biochemistry of Macromolecules

MEDIUM FREE

Q17. What type of bond stabilizes the secondary structure (alpha-helix and beta-pleated sheet) of proteins?

A Hydrophobic interactions in the core

B Ionic salt bridges between Lys and Asp

C Disulfide bridges between cysteine R-groups

D Hydrogen bonds between backbone carbonyl oxygens and amide hydrogens

Biology Biological Molecules Biochemistry of Macromolecules

HARD

Q18. Which nitrogenous base is a pyrimidine found exclusively in RNA in place of thymine?

A Thymine

B Uracil

C Cytosine

D Adenine

Biology Biological Molecules Biochemistry of Macromolecules

HARD

Q19. What is the primary animal storage polysaccharide consisting of highly branched alpha-D-glucose with 1,4 and 1,6 linkages?

A Glycogen

B Amylose

C Chitin

D Cellulose

Biology Biological Molecules Biochemistry of Macromolecules

HARD

Q20. Which structural lipid is the principal amphipathic component of biological membranes?

A Cholesteryl ester

B Triacylglycerol

C Phospholipid (e.g. Phosphatidylcholine)

D Wax

Biology Biological Molecules Biochemistry of Macromolecules

EASY FREE

Q21. In Watson-Crick B-DNA, the complementary base pairs adenine-thymine and guanine-cytosine form how many hydrogen bonds respectively?

A 3 and 2 hydrogen bonds

B 2 and 2 hydrogen bonds

C 2 and 3 hydrogen bonds

D 1 and 2 hydrogen bonds

Biology Biological Molecules Biochemistry of Macromolecules

HARD FREE

Q22. Which amino acid is unique in lacking a chiral alpha-carbon because its side chain (R-group) is a single hydrogen atom?

A Alanine

B Proline

C Glycine

D Valine

Biology Biological Molecules Biochemistry of Macromolecules

MEDIUM

Q23. Which amino acid contains a sulfhydryl (-SH) group capable of forming covalent disulfide bridges in tertiary protein structure?

A Methionine

B Threonine

C Cysteine

D Serine

Biology Biological Molecules Biochemistry of Macromolecules

EASY

Q24. Sucrose is a non-reducing disaccharide composed of:

A Alpha-D-glucose and Alpha-D-mannose

B Alpha-D-glucose and Beta-D-fructose linked by an alpha-1,beta-2 glycosidic bond

C Two alpha-D-glucose molecules

D Beta-D-galactose and Beta-D-glucose

Biology Biological Molecules Biochemistry of Macromolecules

MEDIUM

Q25. Which conjugated lipid forms the insulating myelin sheath surrounding mammalian nerve axons?

A Cephalin

B Sphingomyelin

C Lecithin

D Cardiolipin